Tuesday, 19 June 2012

Vyshya relations of Yellapus


Vyshyas are integral part of Yellapu families since Rajasthan days. Basically, yellapus are warrior community providing safety to many other communities, in addition to participating in wars. Vyshyas are also one such community, which require the safety to their products/material and them. This safety use to be provided by the yellapus. Also some yellapus also did business.

        As per the opinion of elders of yellapu community, they married the vyshya girls in olden days. They preferred to have meals in the vyshya families than velamas and reddys.Interestingly, some yellapus people were vegetarians till recent decade, supporting my view. Also these people are closely connected with Vyshyas. 

       Here, I am dealing the historical relations between yellapus and vyshyas and the reasons for relations and the rationality behind it is as follows:

      It was already told that Anabheri is corrupt form of Ranabheri. It is a drum like instrument used during the war to terrify the enemies and it is also used to indicate the starting the war. Here, we can find the Bhairu shetty families in yellapus. It is a corrupt form of Bherishetty. It indicates that their profession is to sell the Bheris. Here, I want to deduce two things. Anabheri families are end users of Bheris. The sellers of Bheris were also along with them in the form of Bherishetties. As per Micheal Katten, Bhairushetty (Bheri Komati) men were out during the Bobbili war on business engagement. It clarifies that they were continuing their business. Bheri Komati women during the war has killed about 200 soldiers using the stones in special way. It is discussed in the caste and in North coastal area that yellapu women are skilled in warfare. Especially, it is told in case of Anabheri women. Hence, the women of Anabheri families may be also present along with Bheri Komati sthris during the war of Bobbili. Micheal Kattam might not mention the Anabheri sthris, due to unable to distinguish between Bheri Komati sthris and Anabheri sthris. It may be at the time of gathering the information.

        There are Basa families in yellapu community. They might take a Oath during the war. It may require some special items, which is again to be supplied by Vyshyas only. Hence, there are Bashetty families in yellapus. It may be corrupt form of Basa shetty. The materials sold by Bashetty families to Basa families are not known.

       There are Dadi and Dadishetty families in yellapus. Dadi families played vital role in community right from North to down south in Tamilnadu. There are many villages on the names of Dadi families / family members. They also played vital role during kakatiyas.To that effect inscriptions are also available. During the Vijayanagara also they played vital role. It is clarified by the village names on their families in south also. The Dadi shetty families may be following the Dadi families from the North. They might be also supplying the war material, requirements etc., to all the Dadi families.

      There are puram and puram shetty families. Puram means town in Sanskrit. When the people of same community living in town and rural areas, Puram surname is given to town people. The business people in town get the surname of puramshetty.

     There are Ramneni and Ramshetty families in yellapus. Ramshetty is famous surname in Rajasthan. Hence, both these families would have migrated from Rajasthan. Ramneni families are feudatories of kings and Ramshetty families are business persons and may be suppliers to Ramneni families. However, as per the evidences available, the Ramshetty families are also able warriors. It is proved in the unofficial war between Bandalalingapur Samsthan and Metpally. One Ramshetty Venkanna (famous as Jamedar Venkanna) fought against Metpally forces valiantly and forced them to retreat, while later was trying to take over lands, as per the court orders. Healso played very vital role in the administration of samsthan.

     We also here about chetty and shetty families. Shetty families are business people of North. Where as chetty families are business people in the Sourth, especially in Tamilnadu. There is one chettykulam village in Tirunalvelvi District near Avaraikulam and Vellakulam villages, revealing the influence of chetti families in that village.

    There are no conclusive proofs of doing business by some families such as Akula, Lakkakula and chinthapandu families. But comparatively these people are intelligent and money saving. I have also observed the Polishetty, Bolishetty and Kolishetty families in the Telagas in Nalgonda and Coastal area. The Polineni family is also observed in same community in same areas. Hence, all the evidences prove that Vyshyas are very much part of yellapu families and they have maintained matrimonial relations too from times immemorial. If we count the Gavaras as sub-caste of Vyshyas, the relations further increases. But the Gavara relations are separately dealt in a separate blog.

On analysis of gotras of the vyshyas,the following similar gotras can be found in both the castes of yellapus and vyshyas are as follows:

1.Kashyapa
2.Bharadwaja
3.Kausika
4.Vasista
5.Srivatsasa
6.Suvarna

On analysis of Sankethanamams of Vyshya community we will find some more similar Gotras in the both communities as follows:

1.Janakula
2.Thirumala
3.Palakula
4.Chandakula

On analysis of sankethanamams of vyshyas ,we can find two surnames of yellapu community as follows:
1.Betha shrestakula( Bethi)
2.Byrusistakula( Byrushetti)

The analysis of sankethnamam of vyshas had revealed an astonishing things that it consists of yelasistakula or velasistakula, who might be merged from yellapu/ vellapu families, beyond any doubt that yellapus were also called yelladhulipulu( as per Dr.V.S.Rao).

Hence, it is very clear that yellapus and Vyshyas  had very close relations from the historical period.

References:
1. Oral stories told by caste elders.
2.Personal observations of author on present trends.
3.Yellapu surnames .
4. Making Caste In Nineteenth Century India: A History Of Telling The Bobbili Katha.-Micheal katten
5.http://www.vysyamala.com/arya-vysyas/gothras.aspx
5.Karimnagar district history.

Sunday, 10 June 2012

Villages names on Yellapu community


The surnames, gotrams provide valuable information of migration of a particular caste. Even in case of yellapu caste history, the probing of history was done on the basis of family names and gotras in addition to the oral history. After publishing of Gavara relations of Yellapus, one sri.Yellapu Mukunda Ramarao, an elder person of Gavara Community and who has been doing research had sent an appreciation on my research and provided the valuable information.

 There is one yellapuvanipalem village near vishakapatnam.As per him, Yellapus lived there long back and name of the village is on that caste dominance. I have also tried to contact the villagers through the face book. The reply is awaited. But now there are no yellapu person is staying there. The address and accessibility of the village is as follows: Yellapuvanipalem is a small village in Chinagadila Mandal in Visakhapatanam District in Andhra Pradesh State. Chinagadila, Anandapuram, Bheemunipatnam, Pendurthi, are the near by Towns to Yellapuvanipalem . Yellapuvanipalem is reachable by Vishakapatnam RailWay Station , Marri Palem Hal RailWay Station , Simhachalam RailWay Station , Simhachalam Nor RailWay Station , . Its main Village Panchayat is Bakkannapalem Panchayat .


 There is one other village called vellapalem. It is also possibly on the name of the yellapu caste.But the details are to be ascertained. The address and accessibility of the village is as follows: Vellapalem is a small village in Peda Bayalu Mandal in Visakhapatanam District in Andhra Pradesh State. Peda Bayalu, Hukumpeta, Munchingi Puttu, Paderu, are the near by Towns to Vellapalem . Vellapalem is reachable by Padua RailWay Station ,


 The similar village names of vellapalayam is existing in Erode, Nagapattinam, Madurai districts.This may be also due to the influence of the caste in those days of vijayanagara kingdom in Tamilnadu.I have already mentioned the village name of Vellakulam on the name of this caste, existing in Tirunalvelvi district.


 Vellapalayam is a small village in Sembanar Koil Taluk in Nagapattinam District in Tamil Nadu State. Sembanar Koil, Mayiladuthurai, Sirkazhi, Nadungadu, are the near by Towns to Vellapalayam . Vellapalayam is reachable by Anandtandavpur RailWay Station , Vithisvarankol RailWay Station , Nidur RailWay Station , Mayiladuturai J RailWay Station , . Its main Village Panchayat is Mudikandanallur Panchayat .


 The address and accessibility of the villages are as follows: Address Post Office Vellapalayam B.O (Branch Post Office), ERODE , Dist. : ERODE , State: TAMIL NADU , PIN - 638315 Postal Divison ERODE Office Description Branch Post Office TALUK ERODE Postal Circle TAMILNADU District ERODE PIN Code 638315 OFFICE Vellapalayam B.O Postal Region COIMBATORE State TAMIL NADU


 Pariyur Vellapalayam is located in Madurai district that comes under Tamil Nadu, India. Pariyur Vellapalayam is a popular place of Madurai district. The clear evidence of village names on the surnames, which I have already mentioned is Avaraikulam, Chettikulam.As per the Gavara website, the villages on the name of dadi surname also exists in Tamilnadu and Karnataka.



Chatarajpally village is a small village in Parakal Mandal in Warangal district. The name of the village is formed on the name of Chatraj families living in the village.Most of the people are from this family.They are also dominant in administration.Hence, the village name is on their family name.

In the recent past after transferring to khammam, I found that one Kalvala village is existing near ksamudram in Warangal district.This is in the route of migration of Yellapu families from Bobbili to Bonagiri.Hence,it is the village name on the Yellapu family.The people of that village is living in Khammam town.This may make Sri.Kalvala Karunakar Rao and his family members.Another important point of happiness to this family is that one Karanam family( sub-caste of Brahmins and claimed as Kshatriya) is existing with Kalvala surname.Interestingly, they have also worked under Nizam like yellapus including relatives of kalvala families.



Also, there are villages named with Kalvala in other districts as follow:

1. Kalvala Nagaram - Pinapaka Mandalam-Khammam District
2. Kalvala Palem - Vemulapally mandalam-Nalgonda District
3. Kalvala            - Narya mandalam-Mahbubnagar District

and several kalvala named villages in Punjab,Himchal pradesh, Punjab province in Paskistan etc.the first two villages  mentioned are in the route of migration of yellapus from Bobbili to Bonagiri.It is also learnt that some yellapus also migrated to mahabubnagar district.



I have been watching a village name yallagiri ,between pochampally           X road and chautuppal in nalgonda district. The hills of the Rachakonda starts at that point.I have been thinking whether it has  any relation with the caste of yellapu.
The name of vellapu caste has changed to yellapu only after leaving the Warangal.Again it is vellapu in tamilnadu.Yellapus have moved from Rayalaseema to North coastal area.Then from there they moved to tamilnadu.Hence, there is some confusion,when this has altered.Otherewise ,we have to understand that it has been interchanging to both words.
However, yallagiri means the hill in the front.In the instant case the first hill is generally termed as adigiri ,or something else, but shall not be yallgiri.After the down fall of Warangal some yellapu people worked at Rachakonda.To protect from the onslaught of Golkonda, the soldiers might be kept at this place by king of Rachakonda. out of these soldiers, yellapus may be large in number and  village would have got name on these people. Also, if my assumption is correct, the name of vellapu has started altering from the Rachakonda.This is also clarifies that this is also a village on the name of Yellapus.

On my recent visit to Hanumakonda i have observed a place called Puppalagutta area.It is a small hill,where one temple exists.It is definitely named after the puppal families existing and possibly warrior class presence or more number of these families would be the reason for the name of the hill on that family.The puppala families are one of the famous warrior families among the yellapus and kapus.It proves the presence of yellapus in the kakatiya kingdom in addition to the oral stories told by elders.


Interestingly,there are only some clues are available about the migration to Rayalaseema area during the vijayanagara period.Now , i could find two villages on the name of yellapu families namely puppala and puram villages in ananthapur district in yadiki mandal.This mandal is between tadipatri and goothy.There is another village Rayalacheruvu.Thus ,it can be presumed that this villages are named after yellapu families during the vijayanagara period.in the recent past, it is revealed by yellapu elders and sri.praveen, advocate that polasa kingdom was established by yellapus.


One king by name jaggadeva had established jagityal town.its earlier   name may be jaggadevapuram.hence, jagityal is established and on the name  of yellapu ancestor.

also, in the same dynasty one Medaraju was defeated by kakatiya prataparudra.consequently, meda raju fled to his son in law pagidigiddaraju, in forest areas of warangal district.the village medaram may be on his name obviously.sammakka is the daughter of medaraju.Hence, medaram is also on the name of yellapu ancestor

 Hence, it is clear that there are villages on the name of Yellapu community and their surnames in Andhrapradesh, Tamilnadu and Karnataka. It is also required to bring it to the notice, when it is noticed

Yellapus at elagandula fort


Yellapus stayed at elagandula fort after migrating from the Nalgonda district. The reason for the migration is employment again. It is also clear that migrations were not at once. The available evidences are that many yellapu persons were working as officers incharge of weighing the grain. They are called thula . It is a name of a job and later crystallized as family name. This is the reason why there are many gotras in the Thula surname. For this work also they have got lands from the king nizam. In that way also Yellapus have become the land owners and land lords to certain extent.That is the reason the thula families of Bommakal, Dhammannapet, mormoor got the land holdings from the Nizam. The staying village names, possible old surname and their gotras of Thula surname people are as follows:

 S.No      Village name         Gotra            Old surname(Possible)
1. Mormoor, Bommakal    Bharadwaja          Rapole
2. Not obtained                  Kausika            Not obtained
3. Gullakota                       Janakanuri              Basa
 4. Dhammannapeta            Pasupunuri         Not obtained

 The rationality behind my finding and to substantiate the same i state that Mormoor is settled by Rapole families only and their surnames is Bharadwaja only.Hence, it is clear that Rapole families have joined in the service of Nizam and worked as officer responsible for grain weighing. Similarly, The Thula families are nothing but from other families of the castes.

 The evidence also available at this fort for the existence of yellapus at this place is Salvadi Bavi and idol of veera.This idol is worshiped by salvadi and their relative families only. Even now also the worship takes place before marriage of that family member.
Elagandula fort was a famous textile centre in the ancient days.In the later days many weaving families were migrated from there to Khammam and suryapet in nalgonda district, as per the information available to me.In the recent past ,in Khammam, I met one sri.Elagandula Ramakrishna, correspondent of a school.He explained that they were also belongs to warrior class.They were very much acquainted with Ayurveda.His body is also well built resembling the soldier.

Hence, I presumed following information.The padmashalis were also a warrior class.They took up the textile work may be in the peaceful times at elagandula.The ayurveda profession was continued with them till present generations means, yellapus would have also very good relations with them at elagandula as both are of warrior class and who are aquainted with ayurveda.








Friday, 1 June 2012

Home towns of Yellapus


I have got motivation to write this blog because Raj yagnik , a young man from karimnagar was trying to collect the surnames and their home towns. I assured him to write blog on the same content.Instanteneously I have given some surnames. Earlier,I have given some surnames in my blogspot. However, it is a compiling work of all the surnames and their home towns.It should pave way for collecting the Gotras also.In the later stages, my Brother-in -Law Sri.Ganapathi Rao has provided information on Gotras and native villages of Yellapu community,especially in the surroundings of Khanapur.

 • Khanapur- Bonagiri, Balasankula, Basa, Chintapandu, Ganta, Chetti

. • Sattenpally- Koodala

 • Bhavapur- Lakkakula, Bonagiri

 • Rajura- Gargula, Chetti,karnavattula, Kondra, Kola, Ravula, Aindla

. • Surjapur – Velmula,chintapandu, puppala, Veeramalla, Bashetty

 • Dharmojipet- Veeramalla, thoom,vulise.

 • Adilabad- chetti, Ganta, Basa, Saini, Kola, Pudari, Vulise, Penchala, Veeramalla, Kudala, Aregela, Thula.

 •Gimma- Thoom, Saini, Pudari

 • Revojipet- Veeramalla,Madasu

  Indanpally- Salvaji, Akula

   Gosampalle- Nune, telu

  Bhutkur- Akula, Jangal.

   Bellal- Telu.
   
    Dasturabad- Chanda

     Maddipadaga- Penchala

     Morriguda- Kola,Akula.

    Thimmapur- Aregela, Akula

    Mamidipally- Thoom, Aregela

 • Rechini- kondu, Veerla,Kola,Onna

 • Naspoor- Rachakonda, Mekala.

•Mancheryal- Rachakonda,Kailasa

 • Jannaram- koodala,Veeramalla, karnavattula, kola, padala, Jajala, Cherukuthota, Gargula, Saini.

 • Oudyaram-Salvaji, Balasankula, Bonthala,Aregela,Rachakonda.

 • Bommakal-Tula, Rachakonda, Karnavathula

 • Nagunoor- Bonagiri, Penchala,Sunki

• Kalvakota- Thoom,Thula

• Ailapur-Rachakonda, Vulise

• Tadicherla-Malka

 • Manakondur- Vaida,Kotte,Puramshetty,Bethi, Madapathi.

• Mohanraopet- Veeramalla

 • Polampally- Anabheri


 Bhavpeta- Salvaji, Gandla

 • Mulangur- Kosnam

 • Nagulamalyala- Lakkakula

 • Narayanpur- Rachakonda,vurigonda.

 • Garimillapally- Vydhas,Perkari

 • Bandala Lingapur- Ramshetty

 • Wallampahad- vodnala

 • Vemnoor- Rapole

 • Mormoor- Rapole, Onna,Cherukuthota, Tula, Veerla, Konda.

 • Peddapally - Chirumalla

• Chiluvakoduru-Gandhe

 • Israjpalle-Gandhe

 • Vengalapuram - Gandhe

• Munjampet-Gandhe

•Mirjampet-Puppala

• Chaulamaddi-Basa

 • Gullakota- Gandhe, kaluvala,Beerpur.

 • Vemulawada-Bhairushetti

• Kistampet-Akireddy

 • Velichala-Veerla

• Dhammannapet-Thula

 • Chamanpally-Velpula

 Venkatapuram- Bonthala, Salvaji, Vodnala,angarakula.

 Sircilla- Karnavathula,angarakula,Velmula.

 Poshettypalle- Veeramalla.

 Ootpally- Velmula.

 • Jainapeta- koodala, Gandhe

 • Elagandula- Thula,Salvaji.

 • Padakanti- Rapole

 • Madaka- Rapole

 • Garrepally- Bethi,katta

 • Madhapuram- Thota

 • Edlapally- Thota


•Rekonda- Chinthapandu,Rachakonda

 • Maredugonda- Kandunuri


 Kodimyala- Veerla

 Kachapur- Kudala

•Dhammannapet- Tula

•Gambiraopet- Nanuvala

 Pydipalli- Saini

 Velchala-Veerla

 Chengerla- Madapally

•Godhur- Rachakonda,Basa, Karnavattula.

 Jagadevpet- Parpelli

 • Motlapally- Tula

 • Ratnapur-Malka

 • Ibrahimpatnam-Ganta


•Huzurabad- Arakala 

 • Warangal- Jinkala,kandula,Akula.,Jangili,Padala.

• Nizamabad- Thula, Saini,

•Lakkora-Chadala


 Simhampeta- Veeramalla, Puppala

 • Mothkur- Kaluvala, Devineni, Devineni, Polineni,Gandham, Konatham, Gaddam, Duscherla, Adapa


  I know that i have missed some towns and some surnames.Feel free to mail them to me. It is not ending but it is starting................

Thursday, 24 May 2012

Velama relations as told by Madhurima Vodnala


Madhurima. Vodnala, daughter of Vodnala. Narender rao and Jangili Shobharani from karimnagar, who Currently live in Newyork with her husband Dr. Narayan Rao. Inuganti read the blog on Yellapu history.

  she has given following information......


 I was married to a velama, Dr. Narayan Rao. Inuganti from Srikakulam. In my inlaws family to a great surprise I heard most of our yellapu surnames in and around Srikakakulam, Vijayanagaram......esp in a village called Palakonda.


 I enquired about this with grand elders in my inlaws family. To surprisingly they know very very well about our Yellapu caste details and they were speaking great about Yellapu's honesty, loyality and bravery. Esp about yellapu women. It was said by one old person that.......velmas and yellapus were like relatives in ancient days and many matrimonials were in between velmas and yellapus which suggest the presence of our yellapu surnames in velmas of Srikakulam.


 After the downfall of bobbili ........velmas along with yellapus, made their agricultural lands around Palakonda and lived together happily. and it was said that Yellapu girls were most beautiful, multitalentedl among those times for which Velamas preferred to marry yellapu girls it seems.she has appreciated the research I made.


The following are my logical conclusion on the information provided by her. 


The velama and yellapu castes relations were started from the kakatiya period. Prataparudra -2 gave a lot of priority to velamas. It caused irritation among the other castes.At the time of last  war with Delhi sulthans in 1332, other people did not cooperate.But, Yellapus and Velamas fought valiantly. This has improved the relations between both castes. (Elucidated in other blog"Origin and History")
After kakatiya downfall, many yellapu families moved to Rachakonda dynasty to work under the velamas.Yellapus were present on the borders of Rachakonda, as there are villages on the surnames and caste name such as yellagiri, malkapur . This clearly reveals the service by yellapus in Rachakonda Velamas. 

During the vijayanagara times, yellapus, Velamas and Gavaras moved to Tamilnadu. The surnames of kotta/kottai  and Naidu in velamas and yellapus suggest the mutual relations in TN also.

After vijayanagara period , Yellapus worked under Bobbili.  I heard the information of stay of yellapus in vijayanagaram and srikakulam district is learnt from other friends also. It requires the consolidation of surnames and compare them to substantiate the view.I try to collect during my Stay at bobbili.Koppula is a famous surname both exists in Yellapus and velamas of North coastal area.The other surnames common among the both castes are Bethi, Jampala,Kaluvala,Oruganti,Muppala ,Saini and Recherla. These names reveal the relations between both castes.

 On one hand the relations of these castes have been cordial in north coastal area , as they know the value of valor, honesty of yellapu people. More particularly the extraordinary talent shown by the bairushetty and other women belongs to yellapu caste during the war,which may be still alive in the minds of velamas of North coastal area. These women killed about 200 soldiers with stones, as per micheal katten.


On the other hand, in telangana, velamas down played the yellapus and not regarded for their honesty, though provided Jobs in their Gadis. However, some elderly persons regarded the honesty. There were matrimonial relations between these castes in two places. But most of the higher level persons among the Yellapus merged with velamas only, since the ages of kakatiyas up to the times of Bobbili. This merger also transferred the some cultural aspects of Rajasthani origin disseminated in to Velamas and followed widely, though velamas are originally belongs to Bihar area.


It is believed in the caste by elders that tandra papanna, brother of queen of Bobbili is yellapu only. So many of his loyal soldiers are from telagas.


Hence, the yellapu surnames are naturally present in Velamas. This is also one of the reasons for the less number of yellapus. During and after the bobbili war, migrations of yellapus were taken place to telangana area. Some people migrated independently. It is elucidated in the blog "from bobbili to bonagiri unveiled ".Some people migrated with velamas and most of them reached karimnagar in the end.


The independently migrated persons stayed in Warangal and Nalgonda district. Some of them lately reached the Karimnagar district. However, some people of both these castes are dispersed to the different parts of srikakulam and vijayanagaram districts after Great War of bobbili.On the other hand the people who lost their employment and could not get any lands, etc. are still living nomadically.


 Marrying the Girls of yellapus is a great technique to merge yellapus in to their castes. It is not only due to their beauty but also to make use of their valor for their safety.During the needy times Velamas claim that both the velama and yellapu castes are related and one same.Hence, yellapus has to serve for their cause.However, there are cordial relations are existing in many places between these people.


 The most important thing I observe is that the people living in U.S and other countries are showing great interest in providing information to build the history than people living in a.p.She is the first women to evince interest on the history of yellapus and to provide information.


Some people have misconception that Yellapus are telagas migrated from north coastal area to telangana area. But still the yellapus have been maintaining their identity both in north coastal area and telangana, though some people are merged with telagas, kapus and velamas and maintaining good relations including matrimonial relations.It is clarified by the information provided by madhurima.



References:
1.Story informed by Madhurima vodnala
2.Oral stories told by elders of both yellapu and Velamas.
3.Velama website
4.

Wednesday, 16 May 2012

Gavara relations of Yellapus


             During my recent visit to vizag to participate in a international conference on Slum Free Urban India held in Novotel hotel, I found one Yellapu Suribabu, belongs to the telugudesam party. I started thinking once again about the caste after a long time. The name of the surname has further changed to Yellapu from the Yellapu, which has long phonetic in telangana area. Earlier also I learnt from one of my friends belongs to Anakapally that the pronounciation is Yellapu only. Moreover they are belongs to Gavara community.

             Interestingly, Gavaras and kapus are dominant castes in the Anakapally town. But Yellapus have merged with the Gavaras only. After the war of Bobbili did they fear to some one of extermination? Did the yellapus found it easy to continue the business with the help of Gavaras?Is it a terminating point to loose the relationship with kapus in north coastal area? One fact is that the existing yellapus along with other malla,dadi and konathala families are no more yellapu. They may do not like to know the history or identify themselves. But we have to unearth the history.I could not get the time to go to Anakapally.But I have to know it from the known persons. I may have to visit them all the way.

         On the other hand I have to visit vijayanagaram district also to know about yellapi community, who are still leading nomadic life. The visit of bobbili may be the best option to serve the purpose.

         The merger of yellapu families in to Gavara community may be due to following historical event: The yellapu families maintained separate entity during and after bobbili war.Their men were involved in the business also, in addition to the warfare. It is also learnt from the elders and stories told in north coastal area that women of yellapu were equally competent in warfare. As per Micheal katten, the yellapu men, especially bhairushetty families were went outside on business work at the time of War of bobbili.At this time many women were killed, when these women pelted the stones in special way and killed about 200 soldiers of opposite camp. On the other hand many women and children were killed by their own people to save from the humiliation. Some people migrated else where along with Velamas.Some people lost employment and continuing as nomads.Some families migrated to telangana area during the war time and after also. That is why there may be shortage of women and forced the yellapu families including konatham, malla,dadi to join in to gavara community, as both of these families are well acquainted with one other in business and both are minority castes.

         The reason for upkeeping the surnames and caste name is to marrying of Gavara women by yellapu men. The information available in the inscriptions revealed about the Gavaras tells that dadi familes were under the service of kakatiyas.Similarly, yellapus and dadi families have also worked under kakatiyas.Hence, these castes may have known each other since many centuries and that facilitated easy merger.

         The Gavaras are called Gavara Naidus. It may be due to merger of some Naidu families in to Gavaras. These Naidus may also include Yellapu families. Gavaras spread to the areas of Karnataka and Tamilnadu, as per the Gavara website.In those areas there are places like dadinayakanpalaya,dadikkombu,dadithota,etc, which testifies to the authority as well as dominance of the dadi families in those area.

        Intersetingly the yellapus have migrated to tamilnadu during the period of krishnadevaraya.This clarifies that yellapus and Gavaras have very good relations during this period also. The Gavara dominant areas of Rayapalayam and the yellapu/Nadar dominant areas of Avaraikulam, chettikulam are in near by areas.It is already mentioned that yellapus came back from those areas and some people would have stayed there itself.But, these migrations during the period of krishnadevaraya to fight against the father of vishwanatha Naika in Tamilnadu has developed close relations between Yellapus and Gavaras.

         In the later stages, after the Bobbili war the merger of Yellapu families in to Gavara community is completed. Another interesting thing is that both the yellapu and Gavaras are migrated from the Near by areas of Delhi.The yellapus migrated from the delhi and meerut districts.where as Gavaras are from ahichchatra, a near by place of delhi and meerut.Delhi to meerut is 65 k.m. and delhi to ahichchatra is 250 k.m. Thus, these people would have close contacts from ancient days.and that may be fecilitated in the close relations and merger of yellapu families in to Gavara caste.


The yellapus have merged with Gavaras.The question now is which family members have possibly merged with them? Usually the family name changes frequently in migrating communities.But the gotram is almost constant. The Pydipala is the Gotram of Yellapu families in Gavaras.So, the following families have the same Gotram.

  
  •  Arkala- Pydipala
  • Koppula - Pydipala
  •   Kotte- Pydipala 
  •   Nanvala- pydipala
  •   Rapolu -  Pydipala
  •  


Hence, it is clear that Kotte,koppula,Arkala,Nanvala,Rapole families or all the families having above surnames would have merged with Gavaras after Bobbili war.Other Yellapu families might have also merged in small number and upkeeped the same Gotram or we do not have information about it.I also informed the same to sri.Yellapu mukunda Ramarao, a gavara researcher.

Let us also examine the other substantiating factors for merger,which are not mentioned above that Kotte families migrated to Tamilnadu as a part of Vijayanagara army and many Gavara families also migrated there and came back.Thus, they have historical relations. It might have fecilitated merger.

Sunday, 19 February 2012

Modern karimnagar social history revealed by Penchala Rajaiah



After knowing the write up of Yellapu charitha, Sri.Rachakonda Narsing Rao, son-in-law of sri.Tula Chokka Rao had made a call to me and asked to contact Sri.Penchala Rajaiah of Nagunur, who is now staying in Mancheryal. But, really I did not get time. After many days I made a call to him. He knows my father and recalled the meetings and relations .He knows the contemporary social and religious history in better way. He opened up a new discussion with his revealing. The story as revealed by him is as follows:

He told that in the Gullakota Gadi, the Dhora, cook, Sunkari, Clerks are belongs to the Yellapus only. This is the disparities existing in the caste. Such things have also been existing in Other castes such as velama and reddy also.This is the clear indication of disparities existing in that period.
Yellapus are very nice people and the never thought about sustaining losses to other people since ages. The Yellaplu caste people existing in Nagunur, a village on outskirts of Karimnagar town, were Penchala, Bonagiri, Sunki, etc. Out of which, the Penchala families have been living there since 300 years. But it is contrary to the migration of Yellapus as the war of Bobbili took place in 1757 and during and after that period only, the migrations took place. Hence, the inhabitation of Penchala families took place 40 to 50 years back of Bobbili war. Hence, some kind of merger arrangement took place between penchala families and later migrants. However, one cannot distinguish the difference between these families.

The Guru of Penchala families during his childhood was Sri.Veda Vyasa Bhattarvar, a native of Srirangam, who’s family is presently living in Bengaluru. To collect the information of his own family, sri. Rajaiah went to srirangam also.But he learned the names of three generations and came back. The whole information was kept at Ramalayam in Srirangam. The same is not accessed due to the death of the Guru and absence of his children.But , fortunately he met the family of Guru.

Guru was a vaishnavite. He use to spread the vaisnavite culture. He used to conduct the Chakranthams.Chakrantham are briefly explained by him.Earlier, sri.Kalvala Karunakar Rao also tried to explain this vaishnavite tradition. However, I could not understand. The shanku-chakras are Gold ornaments in that form. The same is heated in the dried cow dung mixed with the rice husk. The ahuthi is given with cow ghee and cooled with the milk of cow and pressed to the shoulders, so as to visible the marks on the same. During that pain, Guru imparts the Ashtakshari Mantra. It is believed that the pain relieves and concentration would be high.After that the Sandhyavandanam and closure of Non-veg was also used to preached.

Here we can deduct one thing that there was spreading of Vaishnavite traditions in Karimnagar and Nalgonda district during Nizam rule. It was also thought that most of the Yellapus of Karimnagar district are shaivites , due to the influence of vemulavads. But it is not totally correct.

Friday, 10 February 2012

Modern Karimnagar history-Role of Yellapus(as provided by fallen emperor and Narsing Rao)



I have been continuously trying to access the information relating to the modern karimnagar history, so as to know about the role of yellapu people in karimnagar in various aspects. Fortunately, it was provided by one person, who claims himself as fallen emperor. He is also a critic of some of my statements. I had to search to prove my statement. However, I had already this information f Bandala lingapur, Gandhe samsthan, Dhomakonda,etc. from sri.Narsing Rao , uncle of my beloved cousin sri.Kantha Rao.

Yellapus worked at Bandala lingapur samsthan.Originally it is belongs to Raja Shivaraj Bahadur a wazir at Nizam. Banda lingapuram and Peddapalli in Karimnagar district were his Samsthans or Jagirs. He had two sons namely Dharm Karan and Indra Karan. The father and the sons lived in Hyderabad and gave their Jagirs on lease to the Velamas. This continued for generations together. Here Yellapu families seved the Jagirdar faithfully.
In fact, a search was made by a committee /team headed by a Brahmin to identify the efficient successor, so as to adopt him.This team moved to many places. Finally, A Velama boy named Lingala Ananta Kishan Rao, brought from Nizamabad area, was the adopted son and he was the last ruler of Banda Lingapuram Samsthan lying Adjacent to Metpalli Jagir.

Jamedar Venkanna belonging to Yellapi caste was his Diwan. A Velama named Peggerla Rajanna belonging to Raikal was in his service. According to local information Raja Anant Kishan Rao was the first landlord to provide amenities to his people. He built a water tank in his Samsthan village Banda Lingapuram and supplied water through tap system. Even today the same water tank is supplying water in the village. He arranged a generator and electrified his village.Indeed the most wonderful and rare attempt made by Raja Ananta Kishan Rao to provide electricity and water through taps in his village uring the first half of the twentieth century, deserves a high degree of appreciation and admiration.

An anecdote popular in this region reveals that there was a tussle between the Dora of Banda Lingapuram Samsthan and the adjacent Jagirdar of Metpalli over the lands lying at the outskirts of Vellula village. It is said that there were even exchanges of fire some times between both the parties. They filed a case in the High court, which gave judgement in favour of Metpalli Jagirdar. When the Mohatmeem or the Superintendent of Police of Metpalli Jagir went to Vellulla to take over the lands, about hundred sepoys of Samsthan under the command of Jamedar Venkanna raised their guns. The Jagir police is stated to have returned to Metpalli without any action. Such was the power exhibited by Banda Lingapuram Samsthan in those days. It is a tragedy that the Raja of Samsthan faced an untimely death. The samsthan had two more Gadis under its control, one at Ailapuram near Koratla and the other at Ravikanti or Raikal. Raja Anant Kishan Rao is blessed with two sons. Raja Gajasimha Rao and Raja Narasimha Rao, who settled in Hyderabad.
It was told by the yellapu elders that Raja was under many addictions and lost his health, leading to loss of life. During this period many yellapu families were involved in the administration and served samsthan faithfully. I also found that still many yellapu families were living there.
The poet Jaishetty Rajaiah (1842-1921) of Jagtial wrote in his verses that there were 221 villages besides a few Madirasin the old Jagtial Taluk 159, which included the areas of Metpalliand Koratla also in A.D. 1903. The same poet stated in 1903 that the Gandevaru belonging to Yellapi caste had four Jagirs namely Chiluvakoduru, Israjpalle, Vengalapuram and Gullakota in old Jagtial taluk and two more Jagirs Paidipalli and
Munjampalli in other taluks of this district. Vengalapur Dharma Rao belonging to Gande family is now residing at Jagtial.These Gadis, which were once the centres of village administration with great pomp and show, now remain in ruins having lost their glory and grandeur.

The Gadis of Banda Lingapuram, Ailapuram, Raikal, Sirikonda, Itikyal, Rudrangi, Chalgal, Bheemaram, Rajaram, Govindaram, Nerella, Buggaram, Koratla, Vemulavada, Sircilla, Racherla Boppapuram, Nimmapalli, Peddapalli, Tadicherla, Gajasingavaram,
Lingannapeta, Kamalapur, Uppal, Guduru, Ghanpur, Sarvaipeta, Vangara, Manakonduru, Kodmial, Gorregundam and several other places, which are now in ruins, remind the aristrocratic and oppressive rule of the then landlords during the first half of
the twentieth century.

Out of the above Gadis, either ruling or living by the yellapus have been taken place in the following: Banda Lingapuram, Ailapuram, Buggaram, Koratla, Vemulavada, Sircilla, Peddapalli, Tadicherla, , Manakonduru, Kodmial.The other places of Gadis includes kalvakota, ,Mormoor,, Polampally, Gullakota, Chengerla, duddenapally,Basheerabad,Lakkora,Venkatapuram,etc.

The living in and around gadis or forts like elagandula and having them and ruling as de-facto rulers in absence of the land lords had created a myth of Ruling class among many yellapus. All the yellapus were not among the elite class. There have been disparities since ages. To be frank, in case of most developed velamas and reddys, there have been disparities.



In true terms, the history of the Yellapus is incomprehensive, without writing about Sri.Anabheri Prabhakar Rao.The citation from the Modern Karimnagar history is as follows:

Another important son of this soil Anabheri Prabhakar Rao, who fought against the Nizam and Razakars was born to the couple Venkateshwar Rao and Radhabai on 15th August 1910 in a Deshmukh family of Yellapi caste at Polampally village in Thimmapur Mandal near Karimnagar. While studying in Nizam College, he was inspired by the ideals of Gandhiji and entered the Anti-Nizam Movement as a student. On the call given by Baddam Yella Reddy in september 1947 many people joined the struggle. A Dalam or squad was formed under the leadership of Anabheri Prabhakar Rao. The members of the squads burnt the Records of Patels and Patwaris in about forty villages in January 1948. In a fight against the Police and Razakars, there was fearful exchange of fire on 14th March 1948 between the police and the communist squad in the hills and hillocks of Muhammadapur near Husnabad in Karimnagar district. Dr.Sarojini Regani recorded that about 8 members including Anabheri Prabhakar Rao and Singireddy Bhoopathi Reddy died fighting heroically against the reserved police of the Nizam161. But Poreddy Ram Reddy, who participated in the struggle at Muhammadapur as a young man of twenty is alive and lives at Somarampeta village in Ellanthakunta Mandal of Sircilla area. He states that about fifteen people died fighting heroically against the Nizam forces.They were Anabheri Prabhakar Rao from Polampalli, Singireddy Bhoopathi Reddy from Taduru, Musku Chokka Reddy and Yeleti Malla Reddy from Ogulapur, Aireddy Bhoom Reddy from Somarampeta, Narayana from Begumpeta, B.Damodar Reddy from Nallagonda, Illendula Papaiah from Galipalli, Poli Chandra Reddy and Kummari Yellaiah from Somarampeta, Nallagonda Rajaram and Sikkudu Sailu from Regadi Maddikunta and Rondla Madhava Reddy from Repaka etc. Besides these martyrs, many others sustained bullet injuries. It is strange that the name of Poreddy Ram Reddy of Somarampet, who is alive, is included in the list of the dead instead of Poli Chandra Reddy of the same village, who was shot dead and whose name was not found in the list of the dead. All the names of these comrades, who died fighting can be noticed on the stupa erected in their memory near the hills of Muhammadapur 162. The valiant commander of
the Dalam Anabheri Prabhakar Rao and his comrades, who lost their lives, remain immortal in the history of Karimnagar district. Amrutlal Shukla was first a teacher at Sircilla.


Anti-Nizam struggle


Ganapati Rao of Manthani, J.R.Gopal Rao of Sircilla, Juvvadi Chokka Rao of Irukulla, Juvvadi Ramapathi Rao and Juvvadi Madusudhan Rao of Karimnagar, K.Sanjeeva Rao of Velgonda, Dasari Raghavulu of Jagtial, Lingala Satyanarayana Rao of Velagaturu, Gande Jagan Madhava Rao of Chilvakoduru, Vakil Mukundlal Mishra of Karimnagar and Boinapally Venkata Rama Rao of Thotapalli and many others known and unknown
are said to have participated in the anti Nizam Struggle. Juvvadi Ramapathi Rao and Juvvadi Chokka Rao were elected to the Parliament from Karimnagar in later times. Boinapally Venkatarama Rao participated in the Sarvodaya, Bhoodan and Grandhalaya movements. He opposed the procurement of paddy from peasants, under the compulsory levy system. He arranged a meeting at Bejjenki which was addressed by Burgula Rama
Krishna Rao and T.Haigreeva Chary. He is Known as ‘Thotapalli Gandhi and he is awarded recently the honorary Doctorate Degree by the Kakatiya University.

Saturday, 14 January 2012

Bobbili to Bonagiri un-vieled


Earlier it was already explained that people of Yellapu community/ telaga community was migrated from the Bobbili to various places of Nalgonda district, such as Mothkur, Bonagiri, phanigiri,parpelli, thimmapur. It was taken place during the war and after the war of Bobbili.

It is already known that some people has come to Albaka in the khammam district and later migrated to Jafargadh and then to Mothkur, Bonagiri, etc.During their stay at Albaka samsthan or at Veerabhadraram village, the yellapu kith and kin stayed at Gurrala family. Presently, those family members are living in the Khammam town.I will deal the story of that samthan seperately.

Worth discussable point is that whether there are traces of these both castes( atleast over a period of time)? I have enquired deeply and found that on the route of Albaka to jaffargadh, these people have been existing in many villages. Most of them thoroughly merged with Munnuru kapu and their traces are found with the surnames. Such villages include the Maripeda Bangla,khanapuram of warangal district,kakaravai on the border of three districts, koodali(on which koodala families got name).

It is also known that one branch of people were migrated to Mothkur from Jaffargarh. Interestingly, one branch has migrated to Warangal. The relatives of Mothkur families have been existing in Thimmapur, Phanigiri,kakaravai. Thimmapur families also have very good relation with Warangal and Nuzivid. Some of them are land lords. The famous surnames include Kandula, Daluvai, Nallaguntla, Edla, etc. exists in that village. The dushcherla,nallaguntla families have been existing in kakaravai.

The warangal branch includes kandula and Jinkala families. These people have superficial relations with the Yellapu community. Some matrimonial relations had been existing. Most of these people identify themselves with Hazaris.

The migration did not stop at mothkur. It is further continued to sunkishala. This assumption is because there are many people with sunki and sunkara as surname in yellapus. Ofcourse, many of them now migrated to karimnagar district and I found some of them at suryapet also.

In the end large number of people had migrated to the bhonagiri fort to work at this place. People of Bhonagiri had matrimonial relations with people of Mothkur. Over a period of time, there were large scale migrations took place from Bonagiri from all the communities, possibly due to drought conditions and loss of employment.Vaishyas out number others in migration from Bhongir, out of which mostly settled at suryapet.

Finally, there are migrations from all these places of Nalgonda district to Karimnagar district ,especially to elagandula fort and its near by villages.These migrations may be over a period of time rather than at once.Certainly some families would have taken lead.

One interesting fact is that there are migrations to elagandula from nalgonda district and similarly,there are people in suryapet ,who migrated from elagandula are of padmashali communities.It means the elagandula fort must be a textile centre in ancient days.on ruining of the skill and other factors, padmashalis might had migrated.

Sunday, 8 January 2012

Tamil connections revealed of Yellapu community



Recently I went to tirunalvelvi district in Tamilnadu state, during my return from shabari yatra. I found most important breakthrough on learning the names of some villages of Avaraikulam, K.vellakulam, Rayapalayam during journey. I already know that these areas are dominantly populated with the kapu naidus, who are also called Nadars. The panchalakurichi, presently a town, which was ruled by veera pandya kattabomman, a naidu, is also in the same district.

The name of the Avaraikulam is established on the name of the family name of the Avari, which is a famous family name in Yellapu caste and also exists in Gurjara. It is quite common that the Avari is corrupted as avarai in tamil. It reveals the migration and establishment of settlement in this village.This village is populated with only Nadar community, who are dependent mostly on agriculture.

The Vellakulam may be also corrupt form of Vellapukulam. This may be named due to the presence of vellapu families. This also reveals the migration of Yellapu caste soldiers and their settlement in this area. It also attest that Yellapu community was very much part of the army of Vijayanagara. However, there are some evidences of re-migration of people of Yellapu community from Tamilnadu to Andhra Pradesh. These includes the family names of Chetty,Chennala, Kotte, Perisingala, Onna. It also reveals that the name of the caste was still vellapu during the migration period.

The village name of Rayapalayam reveals that this village was inhabited by the Raya or his relatives. This reveals that these families inhabited in this village. The geographical contiguity of above villages in a row on the road reveals that these migrations were taken place at the same time and during the vijayanagara period.

One other interesting village name around the avaraikulam is chettikulam.The chettis are also very much part of yellapu families.These families may be migrated from this area with yellapu families. It also confirms the relationship of yellapu families with business communities, yet again.

I also stayed for some time at sattnur in the virudhnagar district and met one telugu men who's ancestors migrated there about 200 more years ago.He is owner of medical shop and belongs to Bhimanathi family. He confirmed that Tirunalvelvi is inhabited by Nadars or kapu naidus and virudhnagar is inhabited by kammas.

To conclude that Yellapu community have been very much present in Tamilnadu also and migrated during the vijayanagara period on the work assigned by the king. Some people also came back.




References:
1.Personal tour notes of Author.
2.Wikipedia website information on Avaraikulam village.